Abstract The article uses two methods,visual range obstacle instrument detection and aerosol detection,to study the data and relative humidity related to haze,light fog,fog and PM2.5,PM10 in Baise City.The results show that both methods can effectively detect different atmospheric phenomena,but the aerosol detection method is simpler,more intuitive,and easier to master than the visual range obstacle detector detection,and is more suitable for promotion and application in grassroots meteorological departments.