一次副高控制下雷暴回波群特征分析

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摘要为了更好地了解江西省副高形势下午后热对流产生的雷暴回波群特征,文章使用常规天气资料、江西省地面自动气象站数据、江西雷达数据和江西省闪电数据等资料,对2023-08-19发生在江西省副高形势下午后热对流产生的雷暴回波群特征进行分析。结果表明:暴雨主要由3 h短时强降水形成,并伴有雷暴大风;负闪频次接近总闪频次,正闪频次较少,10 min出现200 次的闪电数据线是判断强降水的阈值线;江西处在副热带高压控制之中,200 hPa具有明显出流区,低层具有低压环流,湿度较大,500 hPa有明显干舌,赣东北有地面辐合线存在;在副高控制的天气形势下,午后地面受热产生的小尺度局地热雷雨在合适的垂直速度环境下发展成中尺度雷暴回波群;雷暴回波群中的对流单体回波发展旺盛,多个单体发展成超级单体,中心强度可达70 dBZ,强回波面积为13～178 km²。研究结果为江西副高控制下雷暴回波群产生的灾害性天气的预警预报提供了分析依据。

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	吴磊

关键词 ：副热带高压, 午后热对流, 雷暴回波群

Abstract：In order to better understand the characteristics of thunderstorm echo groups generated by afternoon heat convection under the subtropical high situation in Jiangxi Province, this article analyzes the characteristics of thunderstorm echo groups generated by afternoon heat convection under the subtropical high situation from August 19, 2023 in Jiangxi Province by using conventional weather data, data of ground automatic meteorological station, radar data, and lightning data in Jiangxi Province.The results show that the rainstorm is mainly formed by 3 h short-term heavy rainfall, accompanied by thunderstorms and gales.The negative flash frequency is close to the total flash frequency, while the positive flash frequency is relatively less.The lightning data line with 200 occurrences in 10 minutes is the threshold line for judging heavy rainfall.Jiangxi is under the control of subtropical high pressure, there is an obvious outflow area at 200 hPa, low-pressure circulation is in the lower layers, humidity is high, and there is an obvious dry tongue at 500 hPa.There is a surface convergence line in the northeast of Jiangxi.Under the subtropical high situation, small-scale local geothermal thunderstorms generated by surface heating in the afternoon vigorously develop into mesoscale thunderstorm echo groups under appropriate vertical velocity environments.The convective cell echoes in the thunderstorm echo group develop vigorously, with multiple cells developing into super cells, with a central intensity of up to 70 dBZ and a strong echo area from 13 km² to 178 km².It is hoped that this study results can provide an analytical basis for the early warning and prediction of catastrophic weather caused by thunderstorm echo groups under the control of the Jiangxi subtropical high.

Key words： subtropical high afternoon heat convection thunderstorm echo group

收稿日期: 2024-06-18

ZTFLH:

P458.3

基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(41975001)、江西省气象局重点科研项目(JX2022Z04)、江西省气象局面上项目(JX2021M10)和中国气象局雷电重点开放实验室开放课题(2023KELL-B003)资助。

通讯作者: 周洁晨(1994),女,硕士,工程师。主要从事雷电监测预警研究,雷电数值模拟工作。

作者简介: 邓佳蜂(1983),男,大学,工程师。主要从事雷电监测与防护技术研究工作。

引用本文:

吴磊. 一次副高控制下雷暴回波群特征分析[J]. 气象水文海洋仪器, 2024, 41(4): 87-90. Wu Lei. Analysis of the characteristics of thunderstorm echo group under the control of a subtropical high. Meteorological Hydrological and Marine Instrument, 2024, 41(4): 87-90.

链接本文:

http://www.qxswhy.com/CN/ 或 http://www.qxswhy.com/CN/Y2024/V41/I4/87

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