Abstract:According to the present status of lightning protection on observation room in Jiangxi surface meteorological observation station, this paper finds out the main approach of the lightning invading observation room and puts forward the main reason that caused the damage of automatic weather station and other field equipments by lightning stroke. The performance of lightning protection system for observation room is improved and strengthened by the following measures such as adding signal level surge protective devices(SPD) in front of the collector, equipping three level SPD to the power supply system,guarding and shielding the signal and power cable of automatic weather station by metal crane span structure,maintaining and reforming the lightning rod and grounding the observation room. The interruption of the observation and operation of automatic weather station caused by lightning stroke is avoided.