摘要 为了提升对冰雹回波的识别能力,基于江西省地面观测资料与南昌、吉安双偏振多普勒天气雷达数据,对2024-04-02 T 00:002024-04-03 T 00:00 3次冰雹过程进行了详细研究。结果显示:此次强对流天气由500 hPa短波槽东移,配合切变线辐合抬升与暖湿气流输送,形成“上干冷、下暖湿”不稳定层结导致;飑线活动多系统接力式演变,延长了强天气时长;冰雹影响了江西省9个市、36个县共38个乡镇(街道),最大冰雹直径达到3 cm;在芦溪、宜春、弋阳等地的冰雹过程中,双偏振雷达回波特征显著,组合反射率强回波面积大,对流剧烈;垂直积分液态水含量高,为冰雹的形成提供了物质基础;差分相位率、偏振差和差分反射率等参数异常,表明存在具有冰雹粒子特征的水凝物粒子,为冰雹回波的识别和预警提供了重要参考依据。
Abstract：In order to improve the recognition ability of hail echoes,a detailed study was conducted on three hail processes on April 2,2024 T 00:00/April 3,2024 T 00:00 based on ground observation data from Jiangxi Province and dual polarization Doppler weather radar data from Nanchang and Ji'an.The results show that the severe convective weather this time was caused by the eastward movement of the 500 hPa shortwave trough,combined with the convergence and uplift of shear lines and the transport of warm and humid airflow,resulting in an unstable stratification of "dry and cold on top,warm and humid on bottom".The multi-system relay evolution of squall line activity has prolonged the duration of severe weather.Hail affected 38 townships (streets) in 9 cities and 36 counties in Jiangxi Province,with the maximum hail diameter reaching 3 cm.In hail processes in areas such as Luxi,Yichun and Yiyang,the dual polarization radar echo characteristics are significant,with strong combined reflectivity,large echo area,and severe convection.The high content of vertically integrated liquid water provides a material basis for the formation of hail.Abnormal parameters such as differential phase ratio,polarization difference,and differential reflectance indicate the presence of hail particle like water condensate particles.These features provide important reference for the identification and early warning of hail echoes.
2025, Vol. 42 
