不同类型降水过程海淀国家气象站降水现象自动观测特征分析

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摘要文章利用海淀区2019至2020年4月15日共51次不同类型降水过程降水现象分钟观测数据,对布设在海淀国家气象站DSG4型降水现象仪分钟观测结果和软件质控后的降水现象分钟数据进行分析,分析观测效果,找出质控存疑数据,并对该数据出现的可能原因进行初步探索和讨论。结果表明:DSG4型降水现象仪对稳定性降雨过程观测性能更好,但对于持续时间较短或对于雨强小于0.1 mm且持续时间长的小雨过程,漏报率较高;质控程序对于降水现象仪错误识别毛毛雨和冰雹的分钟数据质控效果整体较差,建议将毛毛雨质控湿度阈值向低调整,能见度阈值向高调整,完善设备将小雪识别为毛毛雨的质控程序;对雨的质控,建议质控程序增加后15 min相对湿度判定,以减少错误质控发生。

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	薛志磊
	李焕
	杜传耀

关键词 ：降水现象仪, 仪器性能, 质控效果

Abstract：The article uses a total of 51 minute observation data of different types of precipitation processes in Haidian District from 2019 to April 15,2020,to analyze the minute observation results of the DSG4 precipitation phenomenon instrument installed at the Haidian National Meteorological Station and the precipitation phenomenon minute data after software quality control.The observation effect is analyzed,and the questionable quality control data is identified.The possible reasons for the occurrence of this data are preliminarily explored and discussed.The results show that the DSG4 precipitation phenomenon instrument has better observation performance for stable rainfall processes,but has a higher false alarm rate for short duration or for light rain processes with rainfall intensity less than 0.1 mm and long duration.The overall quality control effect of the quality control program on the minute data of rain and hail misidentification by the precipitation phenomenon instrument is poor.It is recommended to adjust the humidity threshold of drizzle quality control to lower and the visibility threshold to higher,and improve the quality control program for identifying light snow as drizzle on the equipment.For the quality control of rain,it is recommended to add a 15 minute relative humidity judgment to the quality control program to reduce the occurrence of erroneous quality control.

Key words： precipitation phenomenon instrument performance quality control effect

收稿日期: 2024-06-18

ZTFLH:

P416.2

基金资助:北京市气象局2022年科技项目“东北冷涡影响下北京强对流特征及形成机理研究”(BMBKJ202205001)资助。

作者简介: 薛志磊(1983-),女,硕士,工程师。主要从事气象预报与气象数据质量控制工作。

引用本文:

薛志磊, 李焕, 杜传耀. 不同类型降水过程海淀国家气象站降水现象自动观测特征分析[J]. 气象水文海洋仪器, 2026, 43(1): 26-29. Xue Zhilei, Li Huan, Du Chuanyao. Analysis of automatic observation characteristics of precipitation phenomenon at Haidian national meteorological station in different types of precipitation processes. Meteorological Hydrological and Marine Instrument, 2026, 43(1): 26-29.

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http://www.qxswhy.com/CN/ 或 http://www.qxswhy.com/CN/Y2026/V43/I1/26

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